Introduction Becoming a validator on Fenine Network allows you to participate in consensus, earn block rewards, and receive commission from delegators. Unlike traditional PoS chains, Fenine uses contract-layer validators — you manage your validator entirely through smart contracts.
Requirements :
Minimum Stake : 10,000 FENTechnical Skills : Basic blockchain/smart contract understandingHardware : Optional (only needed for RPC/monitoring)Uptime : Maintain >95% to avoid jailing How Fenine Validators Work Unique Architecture : Fenine validators are managed at the contract layer , not the node layer.You do NOT need to:
Run special validator node software
Configure validator keys
Manage validator infrastructure
Block production and signing happen automatically through the consensus protocol once you’re registered. What You DO Need
Smart Contract Registration Register via FenineSystem contract
10,000 FEN Stake Lock minimum stake as collateral
Wallet Security Secure validator address (hardware wallet recommended)
Monitoring (Optional) Track performance and rewards
Prerequisites FEN Tokens
Wallet Setup
Technical Knowledge
Acquire 10,000+ FEN Purchase Options :
Centralized Exchanges (CEX) :
Decentralized Exchanges (DEX) :
Uniswap (if bridged to Ethereum)
FenineSwap (native DEX)
Bridge from Other Chains :
Always withdraw to your own wallet, not exchange wallet. You need full control for staking.
Recommended : Hardware wallet (Ledger/Trezor) for validator security.MetaMask Configuration :Network Name : Fenine Network RPC URL : https : //rpc.fene.app Chain ID : 5881 Currency Symbol : FEN Block Explorer : https : //explorer.fene.app
Security Best Practices :
✅ Use hardware wallet for validator address
✅ Keep backup of seed phrase offline
✅ Use separate hot wallet for operations
✅ Enable 2FA on all accounts
❌ Never share private keys
❌ Don’t use exchange wallets
Skills Required Essential :
Understand how to interact with smart contracts
Know how to use MetaMask or similar wallet
Basic understanding of blockchain concepts
Ability to read transaction confirmations
Helpful (but not required) :
Read Solidity contract code
Use Etherscan/block explorer
Run a full node (for monitoring)
Command line experience
Learning Resources :Registration Process
Prepare Validator Address
Use a secure wallet for your validator: # If using hardware wallet (recommended) # Connect Ledger/Trezor to MetaMask # Note your validator address Validator Address: 0xYourValidatorAddress...
This address will receive all validator rewards. Secure it properly!
Approve FEN Transfer
First, approve the FenineSystem contract to transfer your FEN: Via stake.fene.app (easiest):
Go to stake.fene.app
Connect wallet
Click “Become Validator”
Approve token spending (gas: ~50,000)
Via Contract (advanced) :// FEN Token: 0x... (get from explorer) // FenineSystem: 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000001000 FEN. approve ( 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000001000 , 10000 * 10 ** 18 )
Wait for transaction confirmation.
Register as Validator
Call registerValidator with your parameters: Parameters :
commission: 1-100 (e.g., 5 = 5% commission)description: Your validator name/description Via stake.fene.app :
Enter commission rate (suggested: 5-10%)
Enter validator description
Click “Register Validator”
Confirm transaction (gas: ~200,000)
Via Contract :// Using ethers.js const fenineSystem = new ethers . Contract ( "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000001000" , FENINE_SYSTEM_ABI , signer ); const tx = await fenineSystem . registerValidator ( 5 , // 5% commission "MyValidator - Reliable & Secure" ); await tx . wait (); console . log ( "Registered! Waiting for next epoch..." );
Registration takes effect at the next epoch (within ~10 minutes).
Verify Registration
Check your validator status: Via Web Interface :Via RPC :curl -X POST https://rpc.fene.app \ -H "Content-Type: application/json" \ -d '{ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "eth_getValidatorInfo", "params": ["0xYourValidatorAddress"], "id": 1 }'
Expected response: { "result" : { "status" : "active" , "stake" : "10000000000000000000000" , "commission" : 5 , "jailCount" : 0 , "lastRewardEpoch" : 12345 } }
Monitor Your Validator
Track performance and rewards: Dashboard : stake.fene.app/my-validator Key Metrics :
Uptime percentage
Blocks produced
Rewards earned
Delegator count
Total delegated stake
Set up alerts for:
Jailing events
Commission changes
Large delegations
Validator Operations Check Validator Status // Using ethers.js const info = await fenineSystem . getValidatorInfo ( validatorAddress ); console . log ( "Status:" , info . status ); // 0=Pending, 1=Active, 2=Jailed, 3=Unbonding console . log ( "Stake:" , ethers . formatEther ( info . stake )); console . log ( "Commission:" , info . commission , "%" ); console . log ( "Delegated:" , ethers . formatEther ( info . totalDelegated ));
Update Commission Rate // Change commission (1-100%) const tx = await fenineSystem . updateValidatorCommission ( 10 ); // 10% await tx . wait (); console . log ( "Commission updated to 10%" );
Commission changes take effect in the next epoch. Frequent changes may frustrate delegators.
Claim Rewards // Claim accumulated rewards (10% tax applies) const tx = await fenineSystem . claimValidatorRewards (); await tx . wait (); // Check balance const rewards = await fenineSystem . getValidatorRewards ( validatorAddress ); console . log ( "Claimable:" , ethers . formatEther ( rewards ), "FEN" );
Tax Information :
10% tax on claimed rewards
Tax goes to treasury (development fund)
Increase Stake // Add more stake (no maximum) const amount = ethers . parseEther ( "5000" ); // Add 5,000 FEN await fenToken . approve ( fenineSystemAddress , amount ); await fenineSystem . addStake ( amount ); console . log ( "Stake increased by 5,000 FEN" );
Higher stake = higher rewards share.
Unregister Validator // Exit validator set (21-day unbonding period) const tx = await fenineSystem . unregisterValidator (); await tx . wait (); console . log ( "Unbonding started. Withdrawal available in 21 days." ); // After 21 days: await fenineSystem . withdrawStake ();
During unbonding:
Stop earning rewards immediately
Delegators must redelegate
Cannot cancel unbonding
Validator Economics Revenue Streams Block Rewards
Commission
Proximity Rewards
Transaction Fees
Base Emission : 3.5 FEN per blockYour share depends on your stake proportion: R t e x t b a s e = f r a c S t e x t v a l i d a t o r S t e x t t o t a l t i m e s E t e x t e p o c h R_{\\text{base}} = \\frac{S_{\\text{validator}}}{S_{\\text{total}}} \\times E_{\\text{epoch}} R t e x t ba se = f r a c S t e x t v a l i d a t or S t e x t t o t a l t im es E t e x t e p oc h Example :
Your stake: 10,000 FEN
Total network: 10,000,000 FEN
Epoch emission: 700 FEN
R = f r a c 10 , 000 10 , 000 , 000 t i m e s 700 = 0.7 t e x t F E N / e p o c h R = \\frac{10,000}{10,000,000} \\times 700 = 0.7 \\text{ FEN/epoch} R = f r a c 10 , 000 10 , 000 , 000 t im es 700 = 0.7 t e x t FEN / e p oc h Daily : 0.7 × 144 epochs = 100.8 FENAnnual : ~36,792 FEN ≈ 368% APY on 10K stake alone!Earn commission on delegated stake: R t e x t c o m m i s s i o n = f r a c S t e x t d e l e g a t e d S t e x t t o t a l t i m e s E t e x t e p o c h t i m e s c R_{\\text{commission}} = \\frac{S_{\\text{delegated}}}{S_{\\text{total}}} \\times E_{\\text{epoch}} \\times c R t e x t co mmi ss i o n = f r a c S t e x t d e l e g a t e d S t e x t t o t a l t im es E t e x t e p oc h t im esc Example :
Delegated to you: 100,000 FEN
Your commission: 5%
Total network: 10,000,000 FEN
R = f r a c 100 , 000 10 , 000 , 000 t i m e s 700 t i m e s 0.05 = 0.35 t e x t F E N / e p o c h R = \\frac{100,000}{10,000,000} \\times 700 \\times 0.05 = 0.35 \\text{ FEN/epoch} R = f r a c 100 , 000 10 , 000 , 000 t im es 700 t im es 0.05 = 0.35 t e x t FEN / e p oc h Monthly : 0.35 × 144 × 30 = 1,512 FENMore delegators = more commission! Earn from 8 levels of referrals: Level % of Their Rewards If They Earn 100 FEN 1 (Direct) 7% You earn 7 FEN 2 5% 5 FEN 3 3% 3 FEN 4 2% 2 FEN 5 1.5% 1.5 FEN 6 1% 1 FEN 7 0.5% 0.5 FEN 8 0.25% 0.25 FEN
Building Your Network :
Share your referral code
Referred users stake with you
Earn from their rewards automatically
Compounds across 8 levels
See Proximity Rewards for strategies. Validators receive priority fees (tips): F t e x t v a l i d a t o r = s u m t e x t t x i n B t e x t P r i o r i t y F e e t e x t t x t i m e s G t e x t u s e d F_{\\text{validator}} = \\sum_{\\text{tx} \\in B} \\text{PriorityFee}_{\\text{tx}} \\times G_{\\text{used}} F t e x t v a l i d a t or = s u m t e x t t x in B t e x t P r i or i t y F ee t e x t t x t im es G t e x t u se d Base fees are burned (EIP-1559), but priority fees go to you.Example Block :
100 transactions
Average priority fee: 2 gwei
Average gas used: 50,000
F = 100 t i m e s 2 t i m e s 1 0 9 t i m e s 50 , 000 t i m e s 1 0 − 18 = 0.01 t e x t F E N F = 100 \\times 2 \\times 10^9 \\times 50,000 \\times 10^{-18} = 0.01 \\text{ FEN} F = 100 t im es 2 t im es 1 0 9 t im es 50 , 000 t im es 1 0 − 18 = 0.01 t e x t FEN During high activity: 1-5 FEN/block possible! Example Monthly Earnings Scenario : Small validator
Your stake: 10,000 FEN
Delegated: 50,000 FEN
Commission: 5%
Referral network: 10 people (Level 1-2)
Network total: 5,000,000 FEN
Calculations :Base rewards: (10,000 / 5,000,000) × 700 × 144 × 30 = 6,048 FEN Commission rewards: (50,000 / 5,000,000) × 700 × 144 × 30 × 0.05 = 1,512 FEN Proximity rewards (estimated): 10 referrals earning avg 200 FEN/month Level 1 (5 people): 5 × 200 × 0.07 = 70 FEN Level 2 (5 people): 5 × 200 × 0.05 = 50 FEN Total proximity: 120 FEN Priority fees (avg): ~0.01 FEN/block × 28,800 blocks/day × 30 = 8.64 FEN ────────────────────────────────────────── TOTAL: 7,688.64 FEN/month APY on 10K stake: (7,688.64 × 12 / 10,000) × 100 = 922% APY!
APY decreases as network grows (more competition for rewards), but remains highly profitable for early validators.
Slashing & Penalties Slashing Conditions Validators can lose stake for these violations:
Offense Penalty Auto-Jail Description Double-Sign -5% stake Yes Sign two different blocks at same height Invalid Block -1% stake Yes Propose block that fails validation Downtime Jail only Yes <95% uptime over 200 blocks Censorship Warning → Jail After 3 warnings Consistently ignore valid transactions
Jailing What is Jailing?
Temporary removal from active validator set
Stop earning rewards
Keep your stake (no loss)
Can manually exit or wait for unjail
How to Get Unjailed :// Manual unjail (if eligible) await fenineSystem . unjailValidator (); // Or exit and re-register await fenineSystem . unregisterValidator (); // Wait 21 days, withdraw, then re-register
Unjail Conditions :
Waited at least 1 epoch (10 minutes)
Fixed underlying issue
No active slashing penalties
Avoiding Slashing Best Practices :
✅ Keep validator key secure (never share)
✅ Don’t run validator on multiple machines
✅ Monitor uptime regularly
✅ Have backup monitoring in place
✅ React quickly to jailing events
✅ Keep sufficient FEN balance for gas
Running a Full Node (Optional) While not required for validation, running a node provides:
Independent RPC access
Network monitoring
Block validation
Decentralization support
Quick Node Setup # Download fene-geth wget https://github.com/fenines-network/fene-geth/releases/download/v1.0.0/fene-geth-linux-amd64.tar.gz # Extract and install tar -xzf fene-geth-linux-amd64.tar.gz sudo mv fene-geth /usr/local/bin/ # Create data directory sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/fenine # Download genesis wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/fenines-network/genesis/main/mainnet.json -O /var/lib/fenine/genesis.json # Initialize fene-geth init /var/lib/fenine/genesis.json --datadir /var/lib/fenine # Run node fene-geth --datadir /var/lib/fenine --http --http.addr 0.0.0.0 --http.api eth,net,web3,fenine
See Non-Validator Node Setup for complete guide.
Delegator Management Attract Delegators Strategies :
Competitive Commission : 5-10% is typicalHigh Uptime : Aim for >99%Clear Communication : Website, Twitter, DiscordSecurity Transparency : Hardware wallet, auditsReferral Program : Share proximity rewards
Monitor Delegations // Get all delegators const delegators = await fenineSystem . getValidatorDelegators ( validatorAddress ); console . log ( "Total delegators:" , delegators . length ); // Get delegation details for ( const delegator of delegators ) { const amount = await fenineSystem . getDelegation ( delegator , validatorAddress ); console . log ( ` ${ delegator } : ${ ethers . formatEther ( amount ) } FEN` ); }
Communicate with Delegators
Discord Server Create dedicated validator channel
Twitter/X Regular updates and announcements
Website Validator profile and statistics
Email List Important notifications
Validator Dashboard Key Metrics to Track Monitoring Tools :Troubleshooting
Registration transaction failed
Common causes :
Insufficient FEN balance for gas
Didn’t approve token transfer first
Already registered as validator
Commission rate out of range (1-100)
Solution :// Check if already registered const info = await fenineSystem . getValidatorInfo ( yourAddress ); console . log ( "Status:" , info . status ); // If status > 0, you're already registered
Check :
Registration confirmed (check on explorer)
Waited for next epoch (10 minutes)
Status is “Active” (not Pending/Jailed)
Sufficient stake (10,000+ FEN)
Verify :curl -X POST https://rpc.fene.app \ -d '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_getValidatorInfo","params":["0xYourAddress"],"id":1}'
Reasons :
Downtime (even if not your fault)
Network issues
Double-signing (if key compromised)
Recovery :
Wait 1 epoch (10 minutes)
Call unjailValidator()
Monitor for recurring jails
If persistent, check security
Rewards lower than expected
Check :
Network total stake (increased competition)
Your commission rate (too high?)
Missed blocks (uptime issues)
Proximity network activity
Compare :const totalStake = await fenineSystem . getTotalStake (); const myShare = yourStake / totalStake ; console . log ( "Your network share:" , ( myShare * 100 ). toFixed ( 4 ), "%" );
Next Steps
Become a Delegator Also delegate to other validators
Proximity Rewards Build your referral network
FenineSystem API Complete contract reference
Monitoring Setup Track validator performance
Validator Support :Share your validator address in Discord to get verified badge! 
