Fenine delivers enterprise-grade throughput and latency:
Throughput Analysis Mathematical Model :TPS max = G limit G tx × T block \text{TPS}_{\text{max}} = \frac{G_{\text{limit}}}{G_{\text{tx}} \times T_{\text{block}}} TPS max = G tx × T block G limit For standard transfers (G tx = 21 , 000 G_{\text{tx}} = 21,000 G tx = 21 , 000 G limit = 30 M G_{\text{limit}} = 30M G limit = 30 M
TPS = 30 , 000 , 000 21 , 000 × 3 ≈ 476 TPS \text{TPS} = \frac{30,000,000}{21,000 \times 3} \approx 476 \text{ TPS} TPS = 21 , 000 × 3 30 , 000 , 000 ≈ 476 TPS Metric Fenine Ethereum BNB Chain Polygon Block Time 3s 12s 3s 2s Finality 18s 12.8m 18s 128s TPS (Transfers) ~476 ~24 ~160 ~150 TPS (ERC20) ~154 ~8 ~53 ~50 TPS (Swaps) ~67 ~3 ~23 ~22 Gas Limit 30M 15M 140M 30M
Latency Distribution Real-world mainnet metrics:
Block Propagation: ├─ P50: 150ms ├─ P95: 300ms └─ P99: 500ms Transaction Confirmation: ├─ 1 block: 3s (50% finality) ├─ 3 blocks: 9s (87.5% finality) └─ 6 blocks: 18s (98.4% finality)
Recommended Confirmations :
Small transactions: 3 blocks (9s)
Medium value: 6 blocks (18s)
High value: 12 blocks (36s)
EVM Compatibility Fenine implements 100% EVM compatibility at the London hardfork level.
Supported Features Smart Contracts
Development Tools
Standards
Infrastructure
✅ All Ethereum Opcodes
BASEFEE (EIP-1559)
EXTCODEHASH
CREATE2
SELFBALANCE
✅ Solidity Versions
0.4.x to 0.8.x
Native overflow checks (0.8+)
Custom errors
User-defined value types
✅ Precompiled Contracts
ecrecover (0x01)
sha256 (0x02)
ripemd160 (0x03)
identity (0x04)
modexp (0x05)
bn256Add (0x06)
bn256Mul (0x07)
bn256Pairing (0x08)
blake2f (0x09)
Frameworks :
✅ Hardhat
✅ Foundry
✅ Truffle
✅ Remix IDE
✅ Brownie
Libraries :
✅ ethers.js v6
✅ web3.js v4
✅ viem
✅ wagmi
✅ Alchemy SDK
✅ Moralis SDK
Testing :
✅ Hardhat Test
✅ Forge (Foundry)
✅ Waffle
✅ Chai matchers
Token Standards :
✅ ERC-20 (Fungible tokens)
✅ ERC-721 (NFTs)
✅ ERC-1155 (Multi-token)
✅ ERC-777 (Advanced fungible)
✅ ERC-4626 (Tokenized vaults)
Other Standards :
✅ ERC-165 (Interface detection)
✅ ERC-2981 (NFT royalties)
✅ EIP-712 (Typed signatures)
✅ EIP-1167 (Minimal proxies)
✅ EIP-2535 (Diamond standard)
Indexing :
✅ The Graph (subgraphs)
✅ Covalent API
✅ Alchemy Notify
✅ Custom indexers
Wallets :
✅ MetaMask
✅ WalletConnect
✅ Coinbase Wallet
✅ Trust Wallet
✅ Ledger
✅ Trezor
Oracles (Planned):
🔜 Chainlink Price Feeds
🔜 Chainlink VRF
🔜 Chainlink Automation
Zero Migration Effort Deploy Ethereum contracts without any changes:
// Your existing Ethereum deployment script import { ethers } from "hardhat" ; async function main () { const Contract = await ethers . getContractFactory ( "MyContract" ); const contract = await Contract . deploy (); await contract . waitForDeployment (); console . log ( "Deployed to:" , await contract . getAddress ()); } // Works on Fenine without modifications!
Network Configuration (hardhat.config.js):module . exports = { networks: { ethereum: { url: "https://eth-mainnet.alchemyapi.io/v2/YOUR-API-KEY" , chainId: 1 }, fenine: { url: "https://rpc.fene.app" , chainId: 5881 // Everything else is identical! } } };
Cost Analysis Gas Price Comparison Real-world gas prices (7-day average):
Network Gas Price ETH Price TX Cost (21K gas) Ethereum 50 gwei $3,000 $3.15 BNB Chain 5 gwei $300 $0.32 Polygon 100 gwei $0.80 $0.17 Fenine 1 gwei $0.50 $0.00001
Transaction Type Breakdown Transaction Type Gas Used Ethereum (50 gwei) Fenine (1 gwei) Savings ETH Transfer 21,000 $3.15 $0.00001 99.997% ERC20 Transfer 65,000 $9.75 $0.00003 99.997% ERC721 Mint 100,000 $15.00 $0.00005 99.997% Uniswap Swap 150,000 $22.50 $0.000075 99.997% OpenSea Purchase 200,000 $30.00 $0.0001 99.997%
Gas prices are volatile. Use real-time gas price APIs for production applications.
EIP-1559 Fee Market Fenine implements dynamic base fee adjustment:
BaseFee n + 1 = BaseFee n × ( 1 + 1 8 × G used − G target G target ) \text{BaseFee}_{n+1} = \text{BaseFee}_n \times \left(1 + \frac{1}{8} \times \frac{G_{\text{used}} - G_{\text{target}}}{G_{\text{target}}}\right) BaseFee n + 1 = BaseFee n × ( 1 + 8 1 × G target G used − G target ) Parameters :Parameter Value Description Gas Target 15M Target gas per block Gas Limit 30M Maximum gas per block Elasticity 2x Max/target ratio Adjustment ±12.5% Max change per block Base Fee Burn 100% All base fees burned
Total Transaction Fee :Fee = ( BaseFee + PriorityFee ) × G used \text{Fee} = (\text{BaseFee} + \text{PriorityFee}) \times G_{\text{used}} Fee = ( BaseFee + PriorityFee ) × G used Where:
BaseFee → Burned (deflationary)
PriorityFee → Validator reward
Estimate your dApp’s monthly costs:
DeFi Protocol
NFT Marketplace
GameFi
Assumptions :
100,000 swaps/month
150,000 gas per swap
Average base fee: 1 gwei
FEN price: $0.50
Calculation :Cost month = 100 , 000 × 150 , 000 × 1 × 1 0 − 9 × 0.50 = $ 7.50 \begin{align*}
\text{Cost}_{\text{month}} &= 100,000 \times 150,000 \times 1 \times 10^{-9} \times 0.50 \\
&= \$7.50
\end{align*} Cost month = 100 , 000 × 150 , 000 × 1 × 1 0 − 9 × 0.50 = $7.50 Ethereum equivalent : $225,000 (30,000x more expensive)Assumptions :
50,000 mints/month
100,000 gas per mint
20,000 sales/month
200,000 gas per sale
Calculation :Mints = 50 , 000 × 100 , 000 × 1 0 − 9 × 0.50 = $ 2.50 Sales = 20 , 000 × 200 , 000 × 1 0 − 9 × 0.50 = $ 2.00 Total = $ 4.50 / month \begin{align*}
\text{Mints} &= 50,000 \times 100,000 \times 10^{-9} \times 0.50 = \$2.50 \\
\text{Sales} &= 20,000 \times 200,000 \times 10^{-9} \times 0.50 = \$2.00 \\
\text{Total} &= \$4.50/\text{month}
\end{align*} Mints Sales Total = 50 , 000 × 100 , 000 × 1 0 − 9 × 0.50 = $2.50 = 20 , 000 × 200 , 000 × 1 0 − 9 × 0.50 = $2.00 = $4.50/ month Ethereum equivalent : $135,000Assumptions :
1M game actions/month
50,000 gas per action
10,000 item trades/month
100,000 gas per trade
Calculation :Actions = 1 , 000 , 000 × 50 , 000 × 1 0 − 9 × 0.50 = $ 25.00 Trades = 10 , 000 × 100 , 000 × 1 0 − 9 × 0.50 = $ 0.50 Total = $ 25.50 / month \begin{align*}
\text{Actions} &= 1,000,000 \times 50,000 \times 10^{-9} \times 0.50 = \$25.00 \\
\text{Trades} &= 10,000 \times 100,000 \times 10^{-9} \times 0.50 = \$0.50 \\
\text{Total} &= \$25.50/\text{month}
\end{align*} Actions Trades Total = 1 , 000 , 000 × 50 , 000 × 1 0 − 9 × 0.50 = $25.00 = 10 , 000 × 100 , 000 × 1 0 − 9 × 0.50 = $0.50 = $25.50/ month Ethereum equivalent : $765,000Deflationary Economics Burn Mechanisms Fenine implements dual burn for supply reduction:
1. EIP-1559 Base Fee Burn
Every transaction burns the base fee: Burned block = BaseFee × G used \text{Burned}_{\text{block}} = \text{BaseFee} \times G_{\text{used}} Burned block = BaseFee × G used Daily Burn Estimate :For BaseFee avg = 10 \text{BaseFee}_{\text{avg}} = 10 BaseFee avg = 10 G avg = 15 M G_{\text{avg}} = 15M G avg = 15 M Blocks daily = 86 , 400 3 = 28 , 800 Burned daily = 10 × 1 0 9 × 15 × 1 0 6 × 28 , 800 × 1 0 − 18 ≈ 4 , 320 FEN/day \begin{align*}
\text{Blocks}_{\text{daily}} &= \frac{86,400}{3} = 28,800 \\
\text{Burned}_{\text{daily}} &= 10 \times 10^9 \times 15 \times 10^6 \times 28,800 \times 10^{-18} \\
&\approx 4,320 \text{ FEN/day}
\end{align*} Blocks daily Burned daily = 3 86 , 400 = 28 , 800 = 10 × 1 0 9 × 15 × 1 0 6 × 28 , 800 × 1 0 − 18 ≈ 4 , 320 FEN/day Annual : ~1.58M FEN
50% of staking rewards tax is burned: Tax burn = ∑ claims R claim × τ × 0.50 \text{Tax}_{\text{burn}} = \sum_{\text{claims}} R_{\text{claim}} \times \tau \times 0.50 Tax burn = claims ∑ R claim × τ × 0.50 Where τ = 0.10 \tau = 0.10 τ = 0.10 Annual Estimate :If 50% of emissions are claimed: Claimed annual = 10 , 520 , 000 × 0.50 = 5 , 260 , 000 Tax total = 5 , 260 , 000 × 0.10 = 526 , 000 Tax burn = 526 , 000 × 0.50 = 263 , 000 FEN \begin{align*}
\text{Claimed}_{\text{annual}} &= 10,520,000 \times 0.50 = 5,260,000 \\
\text{Tax}_{\text{total}} &= 5,260,000 \times 0.10 = 526,000 \\
\text{Tax}_{\text{burn}} &= 526,000 \times 0.50 = 263,000 \text{ FEN}
\end{align*} Claimed annual Tax total Tax burn = 10 , 520 , 000 × 0.50 = 5 , 260 , 000 = 5 , 260 , 000 × 0.10 = 526 , 000 = 526 , 000 × 0.50 = 263 , 000 FEN
Supply Dynamics :Δ S = E annual − B 1559 − B tax \Delta S = E_{\text{annual}} - B_{\text{1559}} - B_{\text{tax}} Δ S = E annual − B 1559 − B tax Scenarios :Base Fee Network Usage EIP-1559 Burn Tax Burn Net Inflation 1 gwei Low 158K FEN 263K FEN +10.1M (+10.1%) 10 gwei Medium 1.58M FEN 263K FEN +8.68M (+8.7%) 67 gwei High 10.6M FEN 263K FEN -343K (-0.3%) 100 gwei Very High 15.8M FEN 263K FEN -5.54M (-5.5%)
Network becomes deflationary when base fee exceeds 67 gwei .
Deflation Threshold Break-even point calculation:
BaseFee break-even = E annual G avg × 86 , 400 T block × 365.25 \text{BaseFee}_{\text{break-even}} = \frac{E_{\text{annual}}}{G_{\text{avg}} \times \frac{86,400}{T_{\text{block}}} \times 365.25} BaseFee break-even = G avg × T block 86 , 400 × 365.25 E annual For G avg = 15 M G_{\text{avg}} = 15M G avg = 15 M T block = 3 s T_{\text{block}} = 3s T block = 3 s
BaseFee break-even ≈ 67 gwei \text{BaseFee}_{\text{break-even}} \approx 67 \text{ gwei} BaseFee break-even ≈ 67 gwei Comparison :
Ethereum average: 30-50 gwei (deflationary)
Fenine average: 1-5 gwei (inflationary, but low)
Fenine peak: 100+ gwei during congestion (highly deflationary)
Network Scalability Horizontal Scaling (Future) Planned scaling solutions:
Sharding
Rollups
State Channels
Target : 2026
4 execution shards
1,904 TPS total (476 per shard)
Cross-shard messaging
Unified state root
Target : 2025
Optimistic rollups support
ZK-rollup integration
10,000+ TPS on L2
Cheap data availability
Target : 2025
Payment channels
Generalized state channels
Instant finality
Minimal on-chain footprint
Architecture Deep Dive Full technical specifications
Unique Features Proximity rewards and NFT passport
Migration Guide Move from other EVM chains
Benchmarks Real-time network statistics
